Phosphatidylserine to Support Brain Health and Dementia

As we age, occasional forgetfulness can feel like an inevitable part of life. Misplacing keys, forgetting names, or struggling to recall words — these lapses may seem harmless at first, but they can also be early signs of cognitive decline. For those concerned about brain health and memory, phosphatidylserine (PS) has emerged as a promising nutrient. But what does science — and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) — really say about it?

What Is Phosphatidylserine?

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a naturally occurring phospholipid, making up a significant part of the structure of brain cell membranes. It ensures fluid communication between neurons and supports proper signaling, which is essential for everything from memory and concentration to mood stability.

However, phosphatidylserine levels decline with age, contributing to memory lapses, slower thinking, and cognitive fatigue.

Background Phosphatidylserine

(PS) is the major acidic phospholipid class that accounts for 13–15 % of the phospholipids in the human cerebral cortex^[1][2]

The human body contains about 30 g of PS, about half (approximately 13 g) of which is found in the brain. PS plays a vital role in several metabolic processes such as activation of cell-membrane bound enzymes and is involved in neuronal signaling. In the plasma membrane, PS is localized exclusively in the cytoplasmic leaflet where it forms part of the protein docking sites necessary for the activation of several key signaling pathways^[2]

Aging of the human brain is associated with biochemical alterations and structural deterioration that impair neurotransmission. Exogenous PS (300-800 mg/day) safely slows, halts, or reverses biochemical alterations and structural deterioration in nerve cells^[1]

Cognitive Benefits Backed by Early Research

Multiple studies have explored the potential of phosphatidylserine in supporting cognitive function, especially in older adults.^[3]

• In a 12-week clinical trial involving adults aged 65–78, participants who took 300 mg of PS daily showed improved memory, learning ability, and name–face recognition.
• Another study on individuals aged 50–90 revealed improvements in concentration, reasoning skills, and overall mental performance.
• Even among patients with cognitive impairment, PS supplementation was associated with better memory test scores and slowed decline in learning capacity.

These findings are encouraging — but what does the FDA have to say?

What the FDA Actually Says

While phosphatidylserine is not FDA-approved to treat or cure any disease, it has been granted a Qualified Health Claim, which is used for nutrients with limited but promising scientific support.

“Very limited and preliminary scientific research suggests that phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of dementia and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly.”^[4]

This means the FDA acknowledges early evidence but emphasizes that more research is needed to confirm the effects. It’s a cautious green light — not a medical endorsement, but a sign of potential benefit.

Additionally, phosphatidylserine derived from fish, soy lecithin, or sunflower is considered Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) for use in dietary supplements.

How Does Phosphatidylserine Work?

Here’s how PS may support brain health:

• Enhances Neurotransmission: Boosts levels of acetylcholine, a key brain chemical for learning and memory.
• Improves Neural Plasticity: Encourages growth of dendrites, the “branches” that connect neurons.
• Supports Brain Cell Communication: Maintains membrane fluidity for optimal signal exchange.
• Reduces Harmful Proteins: Helps inhibit the buildup of beta-amyloid plaques, which are linked to Alzheimer’s disease.

Choosing the Right Supplement

Not all phosphatidylserine supplements are created equal. Here’s what to look for:

• ✅ Purity: Higher purity (above 50%) ensures better absorption.
• ✅ Source: Fish-derived PS is most commonly studied, but soy and sunflower-derived options are also available.
• ✅ Dosage: Clinical studies typically use 100–300 mg per day.

📝 tip: Always read labels carefully and consult with your doctor before adding new supplements, especially if you are on medications or managing health conditions.

Other Natural Allies for Brain Health

Alongside phosphatidylserine, other nutrients and habits can help preserve cognitive function:

• 🧠 Ginkgo Biloba Extract: Rich in flavonoids and terpenoids, this herbal extract boosts blood flow to the brain and fights oxidative stress.
• 💧 Hydration & Exercise: Regular physical activity and proper hydration enhance blood circulation to the brain.
• 🥬 Antioxidant-Rich Diet: Leafy greens, berries, and fatty fish nourish the brain and reduce inflammation.
• 🧘 Mental Wellness: Meditation, sleep, and stress management play a significant role in memory retention.

Memory loss isn’t always inevitable. While aging brings natural changes to brain function, there are powerful tools — including nutrients like phosphatidylserine — that may help protect and preserve mental sharpness.

Though more robust research is needed, the FDA’s qualified health claim shows that phosphatidylserine holds promise as a memory-supporting supplement for older adults.

Stay informed. Stay proactive. And most of all, take care of your brain — it’s the most powerful tool you’ll ever own.

Important Note:
Phosphatidylserine is not approved by the FDA to treat or prevent any disease. However, the FDA allows limited health claims for dietary supplements when supported by early research. Consumers are encouraged to view such claims as potential benefits rather than guaranteed effects, and to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen

If you are also interested in your child’s mental health, don’t miss the post below.

• How to Protect Children’s Mental Health

References

• [1] Glade MJ, Smith K. Phosphatidylserine and the human brain. Nutrition. 2015;31:781-86.
• [2] Kim HY, Huang BX, Spector AA. Phosphatidylserine in the brain: metabolism and function. Prog Lipid Res. 2014;56:1-18.
• [3] Scholey, A.B., Camfield, D.A., Hughes, M.E. et al. A randomized controlled trial investigating the neurocognitive effects of Lacprodan® PL-20, a phospholipid-rich milk protein concentrate, in elderly participants with age-associated memory impairment: the Phospholipid Intervention for Cognitive Ageing Reversal (PLICAR): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 14, 404 (2013).
• [4] FDA, GRN 643, Phosphatidylserine derived from fish